Relay apparatus.



A. ORLING.

RELAY APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 0012.6, 1911.

1,089,434. Patented Mar. 10, 1914 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVEA/TRJ wf-r/vsssss;

gril/WWW ATT Y,

A. ORLING.

v RELAY APPARATUS. APPLICATION PILBD'OOT. G, 1911.

Patented Mar. 10, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

AXEL ORLING, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR T0 ORLINGS TELEGRAPH INSTRUMENTS SYNDICATE LIMITED,

0F LONDON, ENGLAND.

RELAY APPARATUS.

rosanna.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 10, 1914.

Application led October 6, 1911. Serial No. 653,196.

To all fr0/tom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, AXEL ORLING, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at No. 222 Seely road, Tooting, London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Relay Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to relay apparatus.

According to this invention the effort whereby the relay action is brought into operation is due to the well-known mutual adherence which some liquids have for some surfaces of solids, such for example as water and glass, usually explained as being due to surface-tension or capillary attraction.

The special phenomenon which constitutes the foundation of the present invention can be utilized in a variety of ways, as will be described with reference to the several tigures on the accompanying` drawings which illustrate some examples of the application of the new system of operating a relay.

ln these drawings *igure l shows an arrangement in which the stream of ink which traces the record itself serves as the liquid relay stream. Fig. 2 shows the liquid relay stream deviated by one oscillating element and constraining the transverse movements of a second oscillating element which performs the recording operation by means of a siphon recorder. Fig. 3 contains a small addition to that shown in Fig. 2. Fig. a shows how two streams of liquid can be employed in combination.

Referring to Fig. l, a is a stream of colered liquid such as ink for example, b is an element on to which the stream a is directed and past which it continues to iiow in an unbroken stream and impinge on a traveling recording tape c. lf the element o is retained at rest, a central straight line will be drawn on the tape, but if the extremity of b is very slightly displaced from the axis of the stream, the receding branch of the stream will be caused to incline relatively to the approaching branch, in the direction of the lateral displacement of the element, and the ink will impinge on the tape at a distance from the central line which is considerable relatively to the amo-unt of the displacement of the element b from the axis of the stream. lWhile a very small lateral displacement of the element has a very marked eect in deviating the stream, the stream, on the other hand, tends to return the element toward the central position and, when the element is released from the action of the displacing forceit will return with great precision and rapidity to intersect the axis of the stream by virtue of the tension of the surface of the stream which will be exerted to recover the symmetry ofthe stream. If, as shown in Fig. l, the element ZJ is pivotally mounted and caused to undergo very rapidly recurring angular' vibrations of such small. amplitude as to be scarcely discernible, a very legible record will be traced of the nature of those vibrations. Suppose for example the element to be secured to a plate which, in an insulated manner, carries two separate metallic surfaces Z and c, of which one is electrically connected to a wire Z1 and the other to a Wire e1, which wires serve to support the element in a freely pivoted manner. Suppose also an electro-capillary element f, consisting of two plugs of mercury which protrude from capillary tubes, be so supported that the protruding mercury abuts against the metal surfaces d and c, the inner ends of the plugs of mercury being interconnected by an electrolyte, it will be possible to transmit electric impulses through the capillary element with very high frequency and set up a very rapid oscillation of the element b and obtain on the traveling tape a very legible record of the nature of the oscillations.

The construction of the capillary element f is more particularly described in the specification of another application for a patent the serial number of which is 653,194.

The principle of operation, explained by reference to Fig. l, can be otherwise embodied as follows:-Referring to Fig. 2, a is a stream of liquid of larger volume of flow than could advantageously be used if it impinged on the recording tape. is a similar, similarly supported and similarly actuated element to that described with reference to Fig. 1. The stream, after passing .7), is directed between the two branches provided near the extremity of a second element g, which is pivotally suspended at go, and which carries a siphon recorder 7i having one leg immersed in an ink-pot h1 and the other end resting lightly on the traveling tape c. `With such a contrvance, if the element b is laterally displaced the stream will be bent in the same direction and impinge on the inner side of one of the two branches of the element g and forcibly conas to constrain it against wide excursions and retuin it with rapidity to the central position so that succeeding vibrations can be imposed with a very high degree offrequency, and secondly, the deliected branch of the stream will powerfully compel the element g and recorder L to partake promptly of its excursions.

Fig. 8 shows a portion of Fig. 2 with an added element z' consisting oi' a i'ixed wire which is so interposed between the movable elements b and g as to intersect the deflected stream which tlows from one to the other. rEhe effect of the interposition of the fixed wire t' is to reverse the deflection of the stream which impinges on it and to exaggerat@ the angle ot deflection and thus either enlarge tie scale or' record or permit ot the adoption of a shorter interval between the elements l) and g.

ln the arrangementy shown in Fig. 4, two streams ot liquid are employed and each stream is intersected by two pivotally mounted elements. The first element I) of the iirst stream a is provided with means whereby it is caused to angular oscillations as for example those shown in Fig. l, and the second element g of the second stream al is Jfurnished with means for recording the angular oscillations to which it is subjected as for example those shown in Fig. 2. The second element j ot the tirst stream is integrally connected to the tirst element jl of the second stream so that the lateral displacements of the eX- tremity ot j are repeated on a like or modified scale by the extremity of jl and serve to deflect the second stream which governs thev recording instrument. in this manner one liquid relay will be superposed on another.

I claim:

l. ri relay contrivance comprising a stream of liquid, an element immersed therein,

undergo aseries ot'.

means for causing said element to undergo relative displacement transversely to said stream, a second element impinged upon by said stream at a subsequent portion thereof and recording means operated by the consequent angular displacement of the receding portion ot said stream.

2. A relay contrivance comprising a stream of liquid, an element immersed therein, means for causing said element to undergo relative displacement transversely to said stream, and displaceable recording means operated by the consequent angular displacement of the receding portion of said stream.

3. A relay contrivaiice comprising a stream ot liquid an element immersed therein, means for causing the said element to undergo a series ot displacements transversely to the stream, a lined element impinged upon by the stream at a subsequent portion thereof and a displaceable element impinged upon by the stream at a portion subsequent to the said fixed element.

et. A relay contrivance comprising a stream of liquid, an element immersed therein, means for causing the said element to undergo a series of displacements transversely to t-lie str am, a displaceable element impinged upon by the stream at a subsequent portion thereof: and a siphoii recorder secured to the said displaceable element.

A relay contrivance comprising a stream of liquid, an element immersed therein, means for causing the said element to undergo a series of displacements transversely to the stream, a fixed elementimpinged upon by the stream at a subsequent portion thereof, a displaceable elementimpinged upon by the stream at a portion subsequent to the said fixed element and a siphon recorder secured to the said second displaceable element.

ln testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specilication in the presence ot -two subscribing witnesses.

AXEL ORLXNG.

llitnesses Boer. A. BLAKE, HERBERT D. JAMESON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Eatents,

Washington, D. C. 

